Bifid spinous processes pronunciation1/30/2024 Midline ridge marking the fusion of the spinous processes of the sacral vertebrae. *THIS PICTURE IS POSTERIOR Anterior sacral foramina openings that allow for the passage of nerves and blood Median sacral crest Posterior. Mark joining of the bodies of the sacral vertebrae. Superior articular processes of Lumbar directed medially inferior articular processes of Lumbar directed laterally instead of inferiorly Sacrum triangular bone formed by the union of the five sacral vertebrae Transverse lines of Sacrum anterior. Transverse processes of Lumbar short and thick Spinous processes of Lumbar short and thick, quadrilateral, project nearly straight. The spinous processes are quadrilateral in shape and project nearly straight posteriorly, providing a secure place of attachment for muscles of the back. Inferior articular processes are directed laterally instead of inferiorly. Superior articular processes are directed medially (instead of superiorly). Transverse processes and spinous processes are short and thick. Thoracic transverse processes articulate with heads and tubercles of ribs (except 11 and 12th) Facets and demifacets of transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae Labeled E - articulate with tubercles of ribs facets and demifacets of bodies of thoracic vertebrae labeled 3 &4 - articulation for head of ribs Lumbar vertebrae characteristics largest, strongest of all vertebrae. Transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae (except for 11th & 12th) articulate with the heads and tubercles of the ribs Thoracic spinous process Long, pointed inferiorly. Transverse processes are thicker than those of cervical region and directed vertically. Spinous processes are long, and point inferiorly. Vertebra prominens C7 - marked by a large, nonbifid spinous process that can be seen and felt at the base of the neck Thoracic vertebrae characteristics larger and stronger than those of cervical region. C3 - C6 correspond to the structural pattern of a typical vertebra. Forms a pivot on which the atlas and the head rotate, allowing for the "no" response. Has a specialized body called the dens/odontoid process Dens of axis/odontoid process projects up through the anterior portion of the vertebral foramen of the atlas. Inferior articular facets of atlas articulate with axis for no motion Axis second cervical vertebrae (C2). contain transverse foramina Superior articular facets of atlas articulate with occipital condyles. Inferior articular facets of the atlas, on the inferior surfaces of the lateral masses, articulate with axis, 2nd cervical vertebrae. This articulation is responsible for the nodding motion. The superior surfaces of the lateral masses form large, concave superior articular facets which articulate with occipital condyles. Has two large lateral masses which contain transverse foramina. A ring of bone, lacking a body and a spinous process, and specialized for articulation with the occipital condyles of the cranium. Bifid spinous process C2 - C6 have bifid spinous process transverse foramina of cervical Atlas vertebrae first cervical vertebra (C1). The vertebral artery, vertebral vein, and nerve fibers pass through the transverse foramen. Each cervical vertebra has two transverse foramina. Cervical vertebrae characteristics have a large vertebral arch, a small body, and a bifid spinous process. They articulate with the vertebrae immediately inferior to them. inferior articular processes smooth surfaces on the inferior side of the vertebrae between the pedicle and the lamina of the vertebral arch. They articulate with the vertebrae immediately superior to them. Transverse processes lateral projections that serve as places for attachment of back muscles Vertebral Arch forms a ring around the vertebral foramen from the body of the vertebrae to the spinous process Pedicle forms the anterior segment of the vertebral arch from the body to the transverse process lamina forms the posterior segment of the vertebral arch from the transverse process to the spinous process superior articular processes smooth surfaces on the superior side of the vertebrae, between the pedicle and the lamina of the vertebral arch.
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